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Posts Tagged ‘Budgeting’

Budget time: What again, already?

"However beautiful the strategy, you should occasionally look at the results"...WCPrint Print

It’s the time of the year again when many organisations are preparing plans and budget assumptions for year 2010. It may be good to time to dust off the steps we looked at in earlier articles budget assumptions, allocation and management of the budget.

Reports  shows that, of the top 100 stock listed companies, the average time used for planning and budget preparation is not long at all. But this is  in stark contrast to the time taken on analysis of budgets and revisions. This latter phase  iterates over a much longer time as and discussion takes  place as to how and if it is well coordinated to accommodate the companies’s strategy.
 
After top down business PLANS and budget ASSUMPTIONS are set, generally there are three budgeting phases. The first is a  bottom up estimate of MANPOWER REVENUE and OPEX and CAPEX. This is  then followed by ALLOCATIONS, and an operational PRIORITIZATION phase and finally the Capital  FUNDING phase for approval review.
 
There are also many schools of thought that the budget step should be eliminated as it seems to waste so much time. This may good if rolling forecasts are well defined to place the annul budget but generally this only replaces the first phase.  Many also subscribe the the thought that to much short term focus limits the organisation ability to focus and can cause it to falter. Doing budgets in the traditional way tends to allows greater focus also on the 3 year plan and draws a distinct line in the sand in on commitments by operations.
 
But either way, make no mistake, the budget is a vital process to get alignment for the organisation The better this is done the better the result. The final document is underpins the agreements reached for performance for the ensuing year and it a solid reference point to measure against and  provides for consideration by external stakeholders . People such as shareholders, business partners, creditors and banks and financing institutions enjoy a much greater degree of confidence when budgets are well thought through and are likely to remain or increase any involvement.

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Can I have more money?


If you have kids, you will understand the anxiety most parents get when the kids are constantly asking for money. And usually it is for all sorts of justifiable things that come up out of the blue. When the semester begins, when school excursions get scheduled,  for extra pocket money and so on it goes. Yet somehow you manage to get through it.

For companies, like kids, we run a budget.  But unlike kids, companies assign responsibility to managers to plan resources to deliver services demanded to meet the business plan. This money allocation process is called Budgeting and takes a serious amount of time in many organizations as they sort out the priorities.

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Looking into how good ones do it, we find once business plans are  set , budgeting is about figuring out what resources you need meet it.

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Transform Budgets to be Investments


If you don’t drive your business, you will be driven out of business. This B.C. Forbes quotation got me thinking..

imageThe relevance of this in Corporate Finance is that they are responsible for investing money in their business to  make money.

CFOs these days have to decide how to allocate money to different  business units.

In Bangkok where I live and work,  I’m a fan of the popular Thai-language discussion forum Pantip.com, Among the variety of discussions I am a contributing member in the Sinthorn Forum.

The trend there I notice now, is many are now asking where to invest. Thailand, like everywhere, has interest rates as low as 0.5% (Source: BOT), likewise of UK and US banks. In sympathy with the general global downturn, the Thai stock market Index also dived from 800+ to 400+ points through last year, so investors there are on the run.

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Some Key steps in allocation in resources budgets are:

  1. Removing underperformance units: In this step, Corporate Finance provides a high-level guidance to Business Unit (BU) requesting a list of X% of their lease-performing activities/plan for review. BU have to decide which metrics to use (KPI, strategic alignment, costs) to determine their “bottom X%” investment
  2. Finding better options: BU selects projects that they would like to receive funding based on ROI submissions  to CFOs for approval.

The steps seem easy, but of course we need to remember all of this has to be stored and kept in an auditable and accountable way. CFOs also would want to track  things like comparisons between BU, which BU performs comparisons with last year’s performance, comparisons between original and revised budget for each BU. This sort of information was what many of our investor discussion groups were asking too, so it seems the process is not dissimilar

Thus, the infrastructure of Performance Management of your organization should allow you to muddle through transformation of budgets effectively. It should be able to show you where the sweet spots are, and of course the hot spots and where your investment is not performing. It should also be accountable and auditable that you can track and analyze your investment based on different metrics, yet being enough transparency to stake holders involved.

Finding where to invest, say 50K USD, is easy as bottom line is return on investment. We now have SAA Consensus and brokers for advice. Finding where you should invest in the company is more challenging. Or is it the same?

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